kelvin equation造句

• This picture provides a simple conceptual basis for the Kelvin equation.
• This makes the analysis via the Kelvin equation complicated very quickly.
• Capillary condensation in pores with r < 10 nm is often difficult to describe using the Kelvin equation.
• This is because the Kelvin equation underestimates the size of the pore radius when working on the nanometer scale.
• Temperature is also a constant in the Kelvin equation as it is a function of the saturation vapor pressure and meniscus.
• The form of the Kelvin equation here is not the form in which it appeared in Lord Kelvin's article of 1871.
• When looking at the Kelvin equation, where relative humidity comes into play, condensation that occurs below P sat will cause adhesion.
• P v = P 2 sat, P 1 2, as vapor pressure is increased condensation continues in order to satisfy the Kelvin equation
• The technique is closely related to that of use of gas adsorption to measure pore sizes but uses the Gibbs Thomson equation rather than the Kelvin equation.
• Following the Kelvin equation ( based on the curvature of liquid droplets ), smaller particles need a higher ambient relative humidity to maintain equilibrium than larger particles do.
• As with any liquid-vapor interface involving a menisci, the Kelvin equation provides a relation for the difference between the equilibrium vapor pressure and the saturation vapor pressure.
• Since pore geometry affects the shape and curvature of an equilibrium meniscus, the Kelvin equation could be represented differently every time the meniscus changes along a " snake-like " capillary.
• In the Kelvin equation, the saturation vapor pressure, surface tension, and molar volume are all inherent properties of the species at equilibrium and are considered constants with respect to the system.
• They are both particular cases of the Gibbs Equations ( Josiah Willard Gibbs ) : the Kelvin equation is the constant temperature case, and the Gibbs Thomson equation is the constant pressure case.
• The Kelvin equation, however, indicates that a tiny droplet like this nucleus, being only a few 錸gstr鰉s in diameter, would have a vapour pressure many times that of the bulk liquid.
• Initially all pores in the membrane are completely filled with a liquid and as such no permeation of a gas occurs, but after reducing the relative vapour pressure some gaps will start to form within the pores as dictated by the Kelvin equation.
• When applying the Kelvin equation, two cases must be distinguished : A drop of liquid in its own vapor will result in a positively curved liquid surface, and a bubble of vapor in a liquid will result in a negatively curved liquid surface.
• For example, in the case of some authors, it's another name for the " Ostwald-Freundlich equation "  which, in turn, is often called the " Kelvin equation "  whereas in the case of other authors, the " Gibbs Thomson relation " is the Gibbs free energy that's required to expand the interface, and so forth.
• An equation similar to that of Kelvin can be derived for the solubility of small particles or droplets in a liquid, by means of the connection between vapour pressure and solubility, thus the Kelvin equation also applies to solids, to slightly soluble liquids, and their solutions if the partial pressure p is replaced by the solubility of the solid ( or a second liquid ) at the given radius, r, and p _ 0 by the solubility at a plane surface.